COVID-19: Rising Cases and New Variant

India is witnessing a gradual increase in COVID-19 cases, with health authorities reporting 164 new infections between May 12 and May 19, 2025. While the numbers remain relatively low compared to past waves, the upward trend has prompted concern, particularly because the active caseload has risen to 257. States like Kerala, Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu are reporting the highest concentration of these new infections, suggesting localized transmission in pockets that require close monitoring.

A notable development contributing to the rise in cases is the emergence of a new Omicron subvariant, named NB.1.8.1. This variant is a further mutation within the Omicron lineage and is believed to be more transmissible, though early data suggests that it may not necessarily cause more severe disease. Symptoms associated with NB.1.8.1 are mostly mild and include sore throat, fatigue, mild fever, congestion, muscle aches, and a dry cough all of which resemble common cold symptoms, making detection more challenging without testing.

Public health officials have responded with renewed advisories in various states. Delhi, Maharashtra, and Andhra Pradesh have issued public health alerts urging citizens to wear masks in crowded places, avoid mass gatherings, and adhere to hygiene protocols. These measures aim to prevent a broader resurgence, especially in the lead-up to monsoon season, which often correlates with an increase in respiratory illnesses. Additionally, there is an emphasis on increasing testing and surveillance to detect and isolate new cases quickly.

Despite the relatively low severity of most infections, the Health Ministry has reminded the public not to become complacent. Vaccination, including booster doses for vulnerable populations, remains critical. Experts continue to stress the importance of monitoring for long COVID symptoms and maintaining basic health precautions, particularly in high-risk environments like hospitals, schools, and public transport. Research is ongoing to better understand the behavior and spread of NB.1.8.1, and updates will follow as more data becomes available.